Heat exchanger



' June 4, 1935. o. JAcoBsEN 2,003,593

HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Feb.- 23, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l O. JAcoBsEN HEAT EXCHANGER June 4, 1935.

Filed Feb.v 23, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

OJ/Q rev/v dac. 0565A/ ATTORNEYS.

Patented June'li, 1935 PATENTV OFFICE. ,y

HEAT EXCHANGER Oystein Jacobsen, Dayton, Ohio, assgnorto The Duriron Company, Inc., a corporation of New York Application February 23; 1935, Serial No. 7,744 f V 7 Claims.

' The invention relates toV heatrexchangers for liquids or fluids and more particularly to an apparatus for heating liquid in which steam' is I the heating fluid. It has for its principal'obv5 ject the provision of ran improved apparatus having a high degree of efficiency. A further object is the provision lof an improved construction wherein a high degree of turbulence is sei cured in the liquid to be heated as it passesthe lo' tortuous heating passage vof the apparatus,` which turbulence, I have found essential toy an effective heat transfer since it causes a larger 'area of the liquid to contact with the heated surfaces than would be the case in a smooth flow.r Morejparticularly, the tortuouspassageway for the liquid is designed to give a substantial improvement in heat transfer, as `compared with apparatus of equal heat transfer areas heretofore used having the well-known spiral type of Yflow passage. A further object is the provision of a structure which is cheap and simple and may be readily fabricated from corrosion resisting material. One embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein: 'v

Figure l is a longitudinal section through the apparatus. Fig. 2 is aside elevation partly in section of the ribbed tube which divi-des the flow of liquid to be heated into two streams. VAnd Figs. 3 and 4 are sectionsk on the lines III--III and IV-IV respectively of Fig. 2.' l

Referring to Fig. l of thedrawings, Iis a tubular steam jacket carried by the headers 2, 2 having the base flanges 3. Extending through the headers which are recessed to form stuffing boxesV 35 is'the jacket 5, the packing 4 in the stuffing boxes being engaged by the glands 6, 6 which are drawn inward by the bolts l. Lying inside the jacket is the steam tube 8 surrounded at its left hand end by a stufng box carrying vthe packing 9 whichv is vengaged by the gland I0. This gland is adjusted'inwardby means of the bolts II. The Asteam tube is closed at its left hand endbya header I2 clamped in position by the bolts I3 extending through the collar I4. The right hand 45 end'of the jacket is provided with a header I5 clamped in position by means ofthe bolts I8 extending through the collars Il.

yIntermediate the jacket 5 and the steam tube 8 is a division tubeI 8, shown in Figs. 2, Sand 4, and later vdescribed in detail. The right hand end of this tube I8 is engaged by the header I5, while the left hand end engages lugs `I9 which are integral with the walls of the steam tube.

Steam is supplied to the tube 8 by meansof the pipe 20, which carries 'at its inner end a cupshaped deflector 2|. The header I2 is provided with a drain outlet v22 for removing the condensation which forms in the tube 8. A steam chamber -23 is also provided between the jackets I and 5,

such chamber having a steam inlet 24 and a drainage outlet 25. Bale platesn26 and'21 are provided in the chamber 23 in front Vof the inlet 2t and drainage outlet 25 respectively.

The division tube I8 separates the space between the tube 8 and jacket 5 into two passage- Ways 28 and A29 which communicate at their left hand ends where the end of thel tube I8 engages theY lugs I9. The passageway 28 has an inlet 3D at its right hand end, through which the liquid to be heated is supplied, while the passageway 29 has an'outlet 3| at its right hand, through which the liquid discharges; l

The division tube I8 is preferably in the form of a casting provided on its exterior with thetwo sets of ribs 32, 32, etc. and 33, 33, etc., and on its interior with the two sets 'of ribs 34, 34, etc. and 35, 35, etc. The ribs 32 and 33 alternate and each extends around about 300 degrees of the circumference of the tube. This provides aseries of circumferential passages 36, 38,`etc. (Fig. 2) connected at their ends by the longitudinal passages 3l, 3l, etc. when the tube is fitted into the jacket 5. Together these circumferential and longitudinal passages constitute the passageway 29. Similarly, theinterior ribs 34 and 35 alternate rand each extends around about 300 degrees of the circumference of the tube. This provides a series of circumferential passages 38, 38, etc. connected at their ends by the longitudinal passages 39, 39,

etc. when the steam tube 8 is tted into the division tube. Together the circumferential passages 38, 38, etc. and the longitudinal passages constitute the passageway'28.

In operation, the liquid to be heated flows through the passageway 28 to the lugs I9, where it is directed reversely into the passageway 28 and returns'therethrough tothe right handl end of the apparatus and discharges through the'out- 'f let 3|. In its flow through the passageway 28, the liquid is heated from the wall of the steam tube 8, and in its flow. through the passageway 29 it is heated by the steam jacket 5.v The passageways 28 and 29 not only provide the desired length of travel of theliquid to be heated in contact wtih the heated walls 8 and 5, similarV to that secured with thegspiral passageways heretofore employed, but also insure ar muchl more eiiicient heat' transfer than such spiral passageways. With Vspiral passageways, the flow of the liquid is accompanied with only a slight amount of turbulence, whereas the present'arrangement gives a maximum amount of turbulence with `a corresponding increase of heat transfer, due tok the greater amount'of contact between the liquid and the heated walls. Inits flow through the passageways 28 and 29, the direction of travel is abruptly changed inpassing from a circumferential passage 36 to-a longitudinal passage 31, and again abruptly changedfin passingback from primary advantage is found, however, Vin the in- Y crease in efficiency, heretofore pointed out, and

incident to the construction of the division tube with its alternating circumferential and longitudinal passages which require repeatedv abrupt changes of direction of .flow in the liquid being treated.v YWhatclaimis:

1. In combination in heat-exchangeY apparatus a Vpair of spaced concentric tubes, means for heating such tubes, a division tube between the concentric tubes dividing the space therebetween into two .passageways which communicate with each other at one end, theother end of one passageway having an inlet for the fluid to be heated while the other end of the other passageway has an outlet for said fluid, and a series of spaced circumferential ribs on the inner and outer faces of said division tube bridging the passageways, each of which extends around only a part of the circumferenceof the tube so that a rpassage is provided between the ends of each rib with each of said passages offset circumferentially with respect to the passage betweenthe ends of the lrib next adjacent on each side thereof.

2. In combination in heat exchange apparatus a pair of spaced concentric tubes ,`means Yfor heating such tubes, a division tube.between the concentric `tubes dividing the space therebetween into two passageways which communicate with d each other at one end, the other end of one pa..-

sageway having an inlet for the fluid tobe heated while the other end of the other passageway has an outlet for said fluid, and a series of spaced circumferential ribs on the inner and outer faces of said division tube bridging the passageways, each of which extends `aroundonlky a part of the circumference of the tube so that a passage is provided between the ends of each rib with each of said passages offset circumferentially degrees with respect to the passages between the ends of the rib-next adjacent on each side.

3. In combination in heat exchange apparatus a pair of spaced concentric tubes, means for heating such tubes, a division tubev between the concentric tubes dividing the space therebetween into two passageways which communicate with each other at one end-the other endof one passageway having an inlet for the fluid to be heated While the other end of the other passageway has an outlet for said fluid, anda series of spaced circumferential ribs on the inner and outer faces of said division tubebridging the passageways, each of which extends around the major portion of the circumference of the tube, so that apassage is provided between-the ends of each rib, with each of said passages offset circumferentially with respect to the passage between the ends of the rib next adjacent on each side thereof.

4. In combination `in heat exchange apparatus a pairY of ,spaced concentric tubes, means for heating such tubes, ,a division tube between the concentric tubes dividing the Yspace therebetween into two passageways which communicate with each other at one end. the other end of one passageway having an inlet for the fluid to be heated while the other end of the other passageway has an outlet for said fluid, and a series of spaced circumferential ribs on the inner and outer faces of said division tube bridging the passageways located in planes at right angles to the axis of the tube, each of which ribs extends around the major portion of the circumference of the tube, so that a passage is provided between the ends of each rib with each of said passages offset circumferentially with respect to the passage between the ends of the rib next adjacent on each side thereof.

-5, In combination in heat exchange apparatus ia'pairof spaced concentric tubes, means for heating such tubes, a division tube between the concentric tubes dividing the space therebetween into two passageways which communicate with each other at oneend, the other end of one passageway having an inlet for the fluid to be heated while the other end of the other passageway has an outlet for said fluid, and a series of spaced circumferential ribs on the yinner and outer faces of said division tube bridging the passageways locatedin planes at right angles to the axis of the tube, each of which extends around the major portion ofthe circumference of the tube so that a longitudinal passage is provided between the .ends of each rib with each of said passages offset approximately 180 degrees with respect to the passage between the ends of the rib next adjacent on each side thereof.

V6. In combination in heat exchange apparatus, a pair of spaced concentric tubes, the inner one of which is closed at its ends, means for applying heating fluid around the outer tube, a steam supply pipe extending from one end of the inner tube to a point adjacent the other end thereof and opening into such inner tube, a deflector plate in opposition to the open end of the steam .supply pipe, a division tube between the concentric tubes dividing the space therebetween into two passageways which communicate with each other at one end, the other end of one passageway having an inlet for the fluid to be heated while the `other end of the other passageway has an outlet for said fluid, and circumferential ribs on the inner and outer faces of the division tube bridging the passageways and causing the fluid being heated to flow circumferentially around the steam and division tubes a plurality of times in its travel from one end of the division tube to the other.

7. In combination in heat exchange apparatus,

a `pair of spaced concentric tubes, the inner one of which is closed at its ends, means for applying heating fluid around the outer tube, a steam supply pipe extending from one end of the inner tube to a point adjacent the other end thereof and opening into such innertube, a cup-shaped deilector member fitting around the open end of the'steam supply pipe, a division tube between the'concentric tubes dividing the space therebetweeninto two passageways which communicate with each other at one end, the other end of one passageway having an inlet for the fluid to be heated while the otherend of the other passageway has an outlet for said fluid, and .circumferential ribs on the inner and outer faces of the division tube bridging the passageways and causing the fluid being heated to flow circumferentially around the steam and division tubes a pluraliiy of times in its travel from one end of the division tube to the other.`

O.. JACOBSEN. 

